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| <!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="zh-CN" data-theme="light"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <title>主题切换技术演示</title> <style> :root { --primary-bg: #f5f7fa; --primary-text: #333; --secondary-bg: #ffffff; --accent-color: #3498db; --box-shadow: 0 4px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); --transition-time: 0.4s; } [data-theme="light"] { --primary-bg: #f5f7fa; --primary-text: #333; --secondary-bg: #ffffff; --accent-color: #3498db; --box-shadow: 0 4px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); } [data-theme="dark"] { --primary-bg: #1a1a2e; --primary-text: #e6e6e6; --secondary-bg: #16213e; --accent-color: #0f9; --box-shadow: 0 4px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4); } [data-theme="amber"] { --primary-bg: #2c190c; --primary-text: #ffd8a6; --secondary-bg: #3d210e; --accent-color: #ff9a3c; --box-shadow: 0 4px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); } [data-theme="blue"] { --primary-bg: #0c1e3c; --primary-text: #e0f7fa; --secondary-bg: #1a3c6c; --accent-color: #29b6f6; --box-shadow: 0 4px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); } body { background-color: var(--primary-bg); color: var(--primary-text); font-family: 'Segoe UI', Tahoma, Geneva, Verdana, sans-serif; line-height: 1.6; margin: 0; padding: 20px; min-height: 100vh; transition: background-color var(--transition-time), color var(--transition-time); } .container { max-width: 1200px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 20px; } .theme-selector { display: flex; gap: 15px; margin-bottom: 30px; flex-wrap: wrap; } .theme-btn { padding: 12px 20px; border: none; border-radius: 8px; background-color: var(--secondary-bg); color: var(--primary-text); cursor: pointer; font-weight: 600; box-shadow: var(--box-shadow); transition: transform 0.2s, box-shadow 0.2s; display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px; } .theme-btn:hover { transform: translateY(-3px); box-shadow: 0 6px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15); } .theme-btn.active { background-color: var(--accent-color); color: #fff; } .theme-btn i { font-size: 1.2rem; } .card-container { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr)); gap: 25px; } .card { background-color: var(--secondary-bg); border-radius: 12px; padding: 25px; box-shadow: var(--box-shadow); transition: transform var(--transition-time), box-shadow var(--transition-time); } .card:hover { transform: translateY(-5px); box-shadow: 0 12px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); } .card h3 { color: var(--accent-color); margin-top: 0; border-bottom: 2px solid var(--accent-color); padding-bottom: 10px; } .priority-section { background-color: var(--secondary-bg); padding: 30px; border-radius: 12px; margin: 40px 0; box-shadow: var(--box-shadow); } .priority-list { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 20px; } .priority-item { display: flex; align-items: center; padding: 15px; border-radius: 8px; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05); } .priority-number { width: 40px; height: 40px; background-color: var(--accent-color); color: white; border-radius: 50%; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; font-weight: bold; font-size: 1.2rem; margin-right: 15px; flex-shrink: 0; } .theme-indicator { position: fixed; bottom: 20px; right: 20px; background-color: var(--secondary-bg); color: var(--accent-color); padding: 10px 15px; border-radius: 20px; box-shadow: var(--box-shadow); font-weight: 600; display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px; } .code-block { background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08); padding: 20px; border-radius: 8px; font-family: 'Courier New', monospace; overflow-x: auto; margin: 20px 0; } @media (max-width: 768px) { .theme-selector { flex-direction: column; } .theme-btn { width: 100%; } } </style> </head> <body> <div class="container"> <h1>网页主题模式切换技术</h1> <p>使用属性选择器与媒体查询实现灵活的主题切换功能</p> <div class="theme-selector"> <button class="theme-btn active" data-theme="light"> <i>☀️</i> 浅色模式 </button> <button class="theme-btn" data-theme="dark"> <i>🌙</i> 深色模式 </button> <button class="theme-btn" data-theme="amber"> <i>🟠</i> 琥珀主题 </button> <button class="theme-btn" data-theme="blue"> <i>🔵</i> 蓝色主题 </button> </div> <div class="card-container"> <div class="card"> <h3>属性选择器实现</h3> <p>通过修改HTML根元素的<code>data-theme</code>属性实现主题切换:</p> <div class="code-block"> document.documentElement.setAttribute('data-theme', 'dark'); </div> <p>CSS中使用属性选择器定义主题样式:</p> <div class="code-block"> [data-theme="dark"] { --primary-bg: #1a1a2e; --primary-text: #e6e6e6; } </div> </div> <div class="card"> <h3>媒体查询检测</h3> <p>使用<code>prefers-color-scheme</code>检测系统主题偏好:</p> <div class="code-block"> @media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) { /* 深色模式样式 */ } </div> <p>JavaScript检测系统主题:</p> <div class="code-block"> const systemPrefersDark = window.matchMedia( "(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" ).matches; </div> </div> <div class="card"> <h3>CSS变量应用</h3> <p>使用CSS变量统一管理主题样式:</p> <div class="code-block"> :root { --primary-bg: #f5f7fa; --primary-text: #333; }
[data-theme="dark"] { --primary-bg: #1a1a2e; --primary-text: #e6e6e6; }
body { background-color: var(--primary-bg); color: var(--primary-text); } </div> </div> </div> <div class="priority-section"> <h2>样式优先级策略</h2> <div class="priority-list"> <div class="priority-item"> <div class="priority-number">1</div> <div> <strong>手动设置的主题</strong> - 通过JavaScript设置的<code>data-theme</code>属性具有最高优先级 </div> </div> <div class="priority-item"> <div class="priority-number">2</div> <div> <strong>系统偏好设置</strong> - <code>@media (prefers-color-scheme)</code>媒体查询次之 </div> </div> <div class="priority-item"> <div class="priority-number">3</div> <div> <strong>默认样式</strong> - 基础样式优先级最低 </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="card"> <h3>体验优化策略</h3> <p><strong>1. 平滑过渡效果</strong>:为背景色和文字颜色添加过渡动画</p> <div class="code-block"> body { transition: background-color 0.4s, color 0.4s; } </div> <p><strong>2. 保存用户偏好</strong>:使用localStorage记住用户选择</p> <div class="code-block"> // 保存主题 localStorage.setItem("theme", "dark");
// 获取保存的主题 const savedTheme = localStorage.getItem("theme"); </div> <p><strong>3. 响应系统变化</strong>:监听系统主题变化</p> <div class="code-block"> window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)') .addEventListener('change', e => { if (!localStorage.getItem("theme")) { applySystemTheme(); } }); </div> </div> </div> <div class="theme-indicator"> <span id="current-theme">当前主题:浅色模式</span> </div>
<script> document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() { const themeButtons = document.querySelectorAll('.theme-btn'); const themeIndicator = document.getElementById('current-theme'); function initTheme() { const savedTheme = localStorage.getItem("theme"); const systemPrefersDark = window.matchMedia( "(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" ).matches; let theme = savedTheme || (systemPrefersDark ? "dark" : "light"); applyTheme(theme); } function applyTheme(theme) { document.documentElement.setAttribute('data-theme', theme); themeButtons.forEach(btn => { btn.classList.remove('active'); if (btn.dataset.theme === theme) { btn.classList.add('active'); } }); themeIndicator.textContent = `当前主题:${getThemeName(theme)}`; localStorage.setItem("theme", theme); } function getThemeName(theme) { const names = { 'light': '浅色模式', 'dark': '深色模式', 'amber': '琥珀主题', 'blue': '蓝色主题' }; return names[theme] || theme; } themeButtons.forEach(button => { button.addEventListener('click', function() { const theme = this.dataset.theme; applyTheme(theme); }); }); window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)') .addEventListener('change', e => { if (!localStorage.getItem("theme")) { applyTheme(e.matches ? 'dark' : 'light'); } }); initTheme(); }); </script> </body> </html>
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